Forensic Psychology and its Relationship with the Justice System
Forensic psychology is a branch of psychology that deals with aspects of the law and the overlap between psychology and the law.
It is a specialised field of psychology, requiring further study and experience.
The American Psychological Association describes forensic psychology as the application of clinical specialities to the legal arena. It is essentially the psychological assessment and treatment of individuals who are involved with the legal and criminal justice system in one way or another.
How Is A Forensic Psychology Report Compiled?
Scientifically based principles and measurements are used to assess the individual and compile a report which is then used in court. It is important to remember that when a court case is involved or a report is needed from your psychologist for court, confidentiality cannot be maintained as you have engaged in a legal process and have consented as such.
What Information Is Required For A Forensic Psychology Report?
For court reports and assessments, a letter from your attorney is usually required detailing exactly what is needed.
- Treatment may include psychotherapy and assisting the offender to rehabilitate themselves and reduce recidivism.
- Criminal Capacity Assessments (fitness and responsibility assessments) whereby the psychologist assesses whether the alleged offender knew the difference between right and wrong at the time of the alleged offence and was he/she able to act in accordance with this possibly due to a mental illness. The psychologist will also assess whether the alleged offender is fit to stand trial. This involves the examination of various factors and is often referred to as the insanity plea in a courtroom.
- Pre-sentencing reports/mitigating circumstances sentencing. This is known as a presentencing report. A presentencing report includes information about the defendant that may be relevant to their sentencing and assists the court in looking at the bigger picture with regards to details that may have contributed towards the criminal offence and offers recommendations for the improved rehabilitation of the offender. This is when an individual has been found guilty of an offence but requires the psychological report for mitigating circumstances to either motivate for a lesser or greater sentence.
Dr Baleta is highly experienced in providing Forensic Psychology Assessments. She has many years of experience in forensic psychology with specific reference to the criminal justice system.
